692. ayaṃ maggo, ayaṃ na maggoti evaṃ maggañca amaggañca ñatvā ṭhitaṃ ñāṇaṃ pana maggāmaggañāṇadassanavisuddhi nāma.
taṃ sampādetukāmena kalāpasammasanasaṅkhātāya nayavipassanāya tāva yogo karaṇīyo. kasmā? āraddhavipassakassa obhāsādisambhave maggāmaggañāṇasambhavato. āraddhavipassakassa hi obhāsādīsu sambhūtesu maggāmaggañāṇaṃ hoti, vipassanāya ca kalāpasammasanaṃ ādi. tasmā etaṃ kaṅkhāvitaraṇānantaraṃ uddiṭṭhaṃ. apica yasmā tīraṇapariññāya vattamānāya maggāmaggañāṇaṃ uppajjati, tīraṇapariññā ca ñātapariññānantarā, tasmāpi taṃ maggāmaggañāṇadassanavisuddhiṃ sampādetukāmena kalāpasammasane tāva yogo kātabbo.
693. tatrāyaṃ vinicchayo — tisso hi lokiyapariññā ñātapariññā tīraṇapariññā pahānapariññā ca. yā sandhāya vuttaṃ “abhiññāpaññā ñātaṭṭhe ñāṇaṃ. pariññāpaññā tīraṇaṭṭhe ñāṇaṃ. pahānapaññā pariccāgaṭṭhe ñāṇan”ti (paṭi. ma. 1.75). tattha “ruppanalakkhaṇaṃ rūpaṃ, vedayitalakkhaṇā vedanā”ti evaṃ tesaṃ tesaṃ dhammānaṃ paccattalakkhaṇasallakkhaṇavasena pavattā paññā ñātapariññā nāma. “rūpaṃ aniccaṃ, vedanā aniccā”tiādinā nayena tesaṃyeva dhammānaṃ sāmaññalakkhaṇaṃ āropetvā pavattā lakkhaṇārammaṇikavipassanā paññā tīraṇapariññā nāma. tesuyeva pana dhammesu niccasaññādipajahanavasena pavattā lakkhaṇārammaṇikavipassanā paññā pahānapariññā nāma.
tattha saṅkhāraparicchedato paṭṭhāya yāva paccayapariggahā ñātapariññāya bhūmi. etasmiṃ hi antare dhammānaṃ paccattalakkhaṇapaṭivedhasseva ādhipaccaṃ hoti. kalāpasammasanato pana paṭṭhāya yāva udayabbayānupassanā tīraṇapariññāya bhūmi. etasmiṃ hi antare sāmaññalakkhaṇapaṭivedhasseva ādhipaccaṃ hoti. bhaṅgānupassanaṃ ādiṃ katvā upari pahānapariññāya bhūmi . tato paṭṭhāya hi aniccato anupassanto niccasaññaṃ pajahati, dukkhato anupassanto sukhasaññaṃ, anattato anupassanto attasaññaṃ, nibbindanto nandiṃ, virajjanto rāgaṃ, nirodhento samudayaṃ, paṭinissajjanto ādānaṃ pajahatīti (paṭi. ma. 1.52) evaṃ niccasaññādipahānasādhikānaṃ sattannaṃ anupassanānaṃ ādhipaccaṃ. iti imāsu tīsu pariññāsu saṅkhāraparicchedassa ceva paccayapariggahassa ca sādhitattā iminā yoginā ñātapariññāva adhigatā hoti, itarā ca adhigantabbā. tena vuttaṃ “yasmā tīraṇapariññāya vattamānāya maggāmaggañāṇaṃ uppajjati, tīraṇapariññā ca ñātapariññānantarā, tasmāpi taṃ maggāmaggañāṇadassanavisuddhiṃ sampādetukāmena kalāpasammasane tāva yogo kātabbo”ti.
694. tatrāyaṃ pāḷi —
“kathaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannānaṃ dhammānaṃ saṅkhipitvā vavatthāne paññā sammasane ñāṇaṃ? yaṃkiñci rūpaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā ... pe ... yaṃ dūre santike vā, sabbaṃ rūpaṃ aniccato vavatthapeti, ekaṃ sammasanaṃ. dukkhato vavatthapeti, ekaṃ sammasanaṃ. anattato vavatthapeti, ekaṃ sammasanaṃ. yā kāci vedanā ... pe ... yaṃkiñci viññāṇaṃ ... pe ... anattato vavatthapeti, ekaṃ sammasanaṃ.
“cakkhuṃ ... pe ... jarāmaraṇaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ aniccato vavatthapeti, ekaṃ sammasanaṃ. dukkhato anattato vavatthapeti, ekaṃ sammasanaṃ.
“rūpaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ aniccaṃ khayaṭṭhena, dukkhaṃ bhayaṭṭhena, anattā asārakaṭṭhenāti saṅkhipitvā vavatthāne paññā sammasane ñāṇaṃ. vedanaṃ... viññāṇaṃ... cakkhuṃ ... pe ... jarāmaraṇaṃ ... pe ... sammasane ñāṇaṃ.
“rūpaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ aniccaṃ saṅkhataṃ paṭiccasamuppannaṃ khayadhammaṃ vayadhammaṃ virāgadhammaṃ nirodhadhammanti saṅkhipitvā vavatthāne paññā sammasane ñāṇaṃ. vedanaṃ... viññāṇaṃ... cakkhuṃ... jarāmaraṇaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ aniccaṃ saṅkhataṃ ... pe ... nirodhadhammanti saṅkhipitvā vavatthāne paññā sammasane ñāṇaṃ.
“jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇaṃ, asati jātiyā natthi jarāmaraṇanti saṅkhipitvā vavatthāne paññā sammasane ñāṇaṃ. atītampi addhānaṃ, anāgatampi addhānaṃ jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇaṃ, asati jātiyā natthi jarāmaraṇanti saṅkhipitvā vavatthāne paññā sammasane ñāṇaṃ. bhavapaccayā jāti ... pe ... avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā, asati avijjāya natthi saṅkhārāti saṅkhipitvā vavatthāne paññā sammasane ñāṇaṃ. atītampi addhānaṃ, anāgatampi addhānaṃ avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā, asati avijjāya natthi saṅkhārāti saṅkhipitvā vavatthāne paññā sammasane ñāṇaṃ.
“taṃ ñātaṭṭhena ñāṇaṃ. pajānanaṭṭhena paññā. tena vuccati atītānāgatapaccuppannānaṃ dhammānaṃ saṅkhipitvā vavatthāne paññā sammasane ñāṇan”ti (paṭi. ma. 1.48).
ettha ca cakkhuṃ ... pe ... jarāmaraṇanti iminā peyyālena dvārārammaṇehi saddhiṃ dvārappavattā dhammā, pañcakkhandhā, cha dvārāni, cha ārammaṇāni, cha viññāṇāni, cha phassā, cha vedanā, cha saññā, cha cetanā, cha taṇhā, cha vitakkā, cha vicārā, cha dhātuyo, dasa kasiṇāni, dvattiṃsakoṭṭhāsā, dvādasāyatanāni, aṭṭhārasa dhātuyo, bāvīsati indriyāni, tisso dhātuyo, nava bhavā, cattāri jhānāni, catasso appamaññā, catasso samāpattiyo, dvādasa paṭiccasamuppādaṅgānīti ime dhammarāsayo saṃkhittāti veditabbā.
vuttaṃ hetaṃ abhiññeyyaniddese —
“sabbaṃ, bhikkhave, abhiññeyyaṃ. kiñca, bhikkhave, sabbaṃ abhiññeyyaṃ? cakkhu, bhikkhave, abhiññeyyaṃ. rūpā... cakkhuviññāṇaṃ... cakkhusamphasso... yampidaṃ cakkhusamphassapaccayā uppajjati vedayitaṃ sukhaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vā, tampi abhiññeyyaṃ. sotaṃ ... pe ... yampidaṃ manosamphassapaccayā uppajjati vedayitaṃ sukhaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vā, tampi abhiññeyyaṃ.
“rūpaṃ ... pe ... viññāṇaṃ... cakkhu ... pe ... mano... rūpā ... pe ... dhammā... cakkhuviññāṇaṃ ... pe ... manoviññāṇaṃ... cakkhusamphasso ... pe ... manosamphasso....
“cakkhusamphassajā vedanā ... pe ... manosamphassajā vedanā... rūpasaññā ... pe ... dhammasaññā... rūpasañcetanā ... pe ... dhammasañcetanā... rūpataṇhā ... pe ... dhammataṇhā... rūpavitakko ... pe ... dhammavitakko... rūpavicāro ... pe ... dhammavicāro....
“pathavīdhātu ... pe ... viññāṇadhātu... pathavīkasiṇaṃ ... pe ... viññāṇakasiṇaṃ... kesā ... pe ... muttaṃ... matthaluṅgaṃ....
“cakkhāyatanaṃ ... pe ... dhammāyatanaṃ... cakkhudhātu ... pe ... manodhātu... manoviññāṇadhātu... cakkhundriyaṃ ... pe ... aññātāvindriyaṃ....
“kāmadhātu... rūpadhātu... arūpadhātu... kāmabhavo... rūpabhavo... arūpabhavo... saññābhavo... asaññābhavo... nevasaññānāsaññābhavo... ekavokārabhavo... catuvokārabhavo... pañcavokārabhavo....
“paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ ... pe ... catutthaṃ jhānaṃ... mettācetovimutti ... pe ... upekkhācetovimutti... ākāsānañcāyatanasamāpatti ... pe ... nevasaññānāsaññāyatanasamāpatti... avijjā abhiññeyyā ... pe ... jarāmaraṇaṃ abhiññeyyan”ti (paṭi. ma. 1.3; saṃ. ni. 4.46).
taṃ tattha evaṃ vitthārena vuttattā idha sabbaṃ peyyālena saṃkhittaṃ. evaṃ saṃkhitte panettha ye lokuttarā dhammā āgatā, te asammasanupagattā imasmiṃ adhikāre na gahetabbā. yepi ca sammasanupagā, tesu ye yassa pākaṭā honti sukhena pariggahaṃ gacchanti, tesu tena sammasanaṃ ārabhitabbaṃ.
695. tatrāyaṃ khandhavasena ārabbhavidhānayojanā — yaṃkiñci rūpaṃ ... pe ... sabbaṃ rūpaṃ aniccato vavatthapeti, ekaṃ sammasanaṃ. dukkhato anattato vavatthapeti, ekaṃ sammasananti. ettāvatā ayaṃ bhikkhu “yaṃkiñci rūpan”ti evaṃ aniyamaniddiṭṭhaṃ sabbampi rūpaṃ atītattikena ceva catūhi ca ajjhattādidukehīti ekādasahi okāsehi paricchinditvā sabbaṃ rūpaṃ aniccato vavatthapeti, aniccanti sammasati.
kathaṃ ? parato vuttanayena. vuttañhetaṃ — “rūpaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ aniccaṃ khayaṭṭhenā”ti (paṭi. ma. 1.48).
tasmā esa yaṃ atītaṃ rūpaṃ, taṃ yasmā atīteyeva khīṇaṃ, nayimaṃ bhavaṃ sampattanti aniccaṃ khayaṭṭhena.
yaṃ anāgataṃ anantarabhave nibbattissati, tampi tattheva khīyissati, na tato paraṃ bhavaṃ gamissatīti aniccaṃ khayaṭṭhena.
yaṃ paccuppannaṃ rūpaṃ, tampi idheva khīyati, na ito gacchatīti aniccaṃ khayaṭṭhena.
yaṃ ajjhattaṃ, tampi ajjhattameva khīyati, na bahiddhābhāvaṃ gacchatīti aniccaṃ khayaṭṭhena.
yaṃ bahiddhā ... pe ... oḷārikaṃ ... pe ... sukhumaṃ ... pe ... hīnaṃ ... pe ... paṇītaṃ ... pe ... dūre ... pe ... santike, tampi tattheva khīyati, na dūrabhāvaṃ gacchatīti aniccaṃ khayaṭṭhenāti sammasati.
idaṃ sabbampi “aniccaṃ khayaṭṭhenā”ti etassa vasena ekaṃ sammasanaṃ. bhedato pana ekādasavidhaṃ hoti.
sabbameva ca taṃ dukkhaṃ bhayaṭṭhena. bhayaṭṭhenāti sappaṭibhayatāya. yañhi aniccaṃ, taṃ bhayāvahaṃ hoti sīhopamasutte (saṃ. ni. 3.78; a. ni. 4.33) devānaṃ viya. iti idampi “dukkhaṃ bhayaṭṭhenā”ti etassa vasena ekaṃ sammasanaṃ. bhedato pana ekādasavidhaṃ hoti.
yathā ca dukkhaṃ, evaṃ sabbampi taṃ anattā asārakaṭṭhena. asārakaṭṭhenāti “attā nivāsī kārako vedako sayaṃvasī”ti evaṃ parikappitassa attasārassa abhāvena. yañhi aniccaṃ, dukkhaṃ, taṃ attanopi aniccataṃ vā udayabbayapīḷanaṃ vā vāretuṃ na sakkoti, kuto tassa kārakādibhāvo. tenāha — “rūpañca hidaṃ, bhikkhave, attā abhavissa. nayidaṃ rūpaṃ ābādhāya saṃvatteyyā”tiādi (saṃ. ni. 3.59). iti idampi “anattā asārakaṭṭhenā”ti etassa vasena ekaṃ sammasanaṃ. bhedato pana ekādasavidhaṃ hoti. esa nayo vedanādīsu.
696. yaṃ pana aniccaṃ, taṃ yasmā niyamato saṅkhatādibhedaṃ hoti. tenassa pariyāyadassanatthaṃ, nānākārehi vā manasikārappavattidassanatthaṃ “rūpaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ aniccaṃ saṅkhataṃ paṭiccasamuppannaṃ khayadhammaṃ vayadhammaṃ virāgadhammaṃ nirodhadhamman”ti puna pāḷi vuttā. esa nayo vedanādīsūti.
697. so tasseva pañcasu khandhesu aniccadukkhānattasammasanassa thirabhāvatthāya, yaṃ taṃ bhagavatā “katamehi cattārīsāya ākārehi anulomikaṃ khantiṃ paṭilabhati, katamehi cattārīsāya ākārehi sammattaniyāmaṃ okkamatī”ti etassa vibhaṅge —
“pañcakkhandhe aniccato, dukkhato, rogato, gaṇḍato, sallato, aghato, ābādhato, parato, palokato, ītito, upaddavato, bhayato, upasaggato, calato, pabhaṅguto, addhuvato, atāṇato, aleṇato, asaraṇato, rittato, tucchato, suññato, anattato, ādīnavato, vipariṇāmadhammato, asārakato, aghamūlato, vadhakato, vibhavato, sāsavato, saṅkhatato, mārāmisato, jātidhammato, jarādhammato, byādhidhammato, maraṇadhammato, sokadhammato, paridevadhammato, upāyāsadhammato, saṃkilesikadhammato”ti (paṭi. ma. 3.37) --
cattārīsāya ākārehi,
“pañcakkhandhe aniccato passanto anulomikaṃ khantiṃ paṭilabhati. pañcannaṃ khandhānaṃ nirodho niccaṃ nibbānanti passanto sammattaniyāmaṃ okkamatī”tiādinā (paṭi. ma. 3.38) nayena,
anulomañāṇaṃ vibhajantena pabhedato aniccādisammasanaṃ vuttaṃ. tassāpi vasena ime pañcakkhandhe sammasati.
698. kathaṃ ? so hi ekekaṃ khandhaṃ anaccantikatāya, ādiantavantatāya ca aniccato. uppādavayapaṭipīḷanatāya, dukkhavatthutāya ca dukkhato. paccayayāpanīyatāya, rogamūlatāya ca rogato. dukkhatāsūlayogitāya, kilesāsucipaggharaṇatāya, uppādajarābhaṅgehi uddhumātaparipakkapabhinnatāya ca gaṇḍato. pīḷājanakatāya, antotudanatāya, dunnīharaṇīyatāya ca sallato. vigarahaṇīyatāya, avaḍḍhiāvahanatāya, aghavatthutāya ca aghato. aseribhāvajanakatāya, ābādhapadaṭṭhānatāya ca ābādhato. avasatāya, avidheyyatāya ca parato. byādhijarāmaraṇehi palujjanatāya palokato. anekabyasanāvahanatāya ītito. aviditānaṃyeva vipulānaṃ anatthānaṃ āvahanato, sabbupaddavavatthutāya ca upaddavato. sabbabhayānaṃ ākaratāya, dukkhavūpasamasaṅkhātassa paramassāsassa paṭipakkhabhūtatāya ca bhayato. anekehi anatthehi anubaddhatāya, dosūpasaṭṭhatāya, upasaggo viya anadhivāsanārahatāya ca upasaggato. byādhijarāmaraṇehi ceva lābhālābhādīhi ca lokadhammehi pacalitatāya calato. upakkamena ceva sarasena ca pabhaṅgupagamanasīlatāya pabhaṅguto. sabbāvatthanipātitāya, thirabhāvassa ca abhāvatāya addhuvato. atāyanatāya ceva, alabbhaneyyakhematāya ca atāṇato. allīyituṃ anarahatāya, allīnānampi ca leṇakiccākāritāya aleṇato. nissitānaṃ bhayasārakattābhāvena asaraṇato. yathāparikappitehi dhuvasubhasukhattabhāvehi rittatāya rittato. rittatāyeva tucchato appakattā vā, appakampi hi loke tucchanti vuccati. sāmi-nivāsi-kāraka-vedakādhiṭṭhāyakavirahitatāya suññato. sayañca assāmikabhāvāditāya anattato. pavattidukkhatāya, dukkhassa ca ādīnavatāya ādīnavato, atha vā ādīnaṃ vāti gacchati pavattatīti ādīnavo, kapaṇamanussassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ, khandhāpi ca kapaṇāyevāti ādīnavasadisatāya ādīnavato. jarāya ceva maraṇena cāti dvedhā pariṇāmapakatitāya vipariṇāmadhammato. dubbalatāya, pheggu viya sukhabhañjanīyatāya ca asārakato. aghahetutāya aghamūlato. mittamukhasapatto viya vissāsaghātitāya vadhakato. vigatabhavatāya, vibhavasambhūtatāya ca vibhavato. āsavapadaṭṭhānatāya sāsavato. hetupaccayehi abhisaṅkhatatāya saṅkhatato. maccumārakilesamārānaṃ āmisabhūtatāya mārāmisato. jāti-jarā-byādhimaraṇapakatitāya jāti-jarā-byādhi-maraṇadhammato. soka-parideva-upāyāsahetutāya soka-paridevaupāyāsadhammato. taṇhādiṭṭhiduccaritasaṃkilesānaṃ visayadhammatāya saṃkilesikadhammatoti evaṃ pabhedato vuttassa aniccādisammasanassa vasena sammasati.
ettha hi aniccato, palokato, calato, pabhaṅguto, addhuvato, vipariṇāmadhammato, asārakato, vibhavato, saṅkhatato, maraṇadhammatoti ekekasmiṃ khandhe dasa dasa katvā paññāsa aniccānupassanāni. parato, rittato, tucchato, suññato, anattatoti ekekasmiṃ khandhe pañca pañca katvā pañcavīsati anattānupassanāni. sesāni dukkhato, rogatotiādīni ekekasmiṃ khandhe pañcavīsati pañcavīsati katvā pañcavīsatisataṃ dukkhānupassanānīti.
iccassa iminā dvisatabhedena aniccādisammasanena pañcakkhandhe sammasato taṃ nayavipassanāsaṅkhātaṃ aniccadukkhānattasammasanaṃ thiraṃ hoti. idaṃ tāvettha pāḷinayānusārena sammasanārambhavidhānaṃ.
699. yassa pana evaṃ nayavipassanāya yogaṃ karotopi nayavipassanā na sampajjati, tena “navahākārehi indriyāni tikkhāni bhavanti — uppannuppannānaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ khayameva passati, tattha ca sakkaccakiriyāya sampādeti, sātaccakiriyāya sampādeti, sappāyakiriyāya sampādeti, samādhissa ca nimittaggāhena, bojjhaṅgānañca anupavattanatāya, kāye ca jīvite ca anapekkhataṃ upaṭṭhāpeti, tattha ca abhibhuyya nekkhammena, antarā ca abyosānenā”ti evaṃ vuttānaṃ navannaṃ ākārānaṃ vasena indriyāni tikkhāni katvā pathavīkasiṇaniddese vuttanayena satta asappāyāni vajjetvā satta sappāyāni sevamānena kālena rūpaṃ sammasitabbaṃ, kālena arūpaṃ. rūpaṃ sammasantena rūpassa nibbatti passitabbā.
700. seyyathidaṃ — idaṃ rūpaṃ nāma kammādivasena catūhi kāraṇehi nibbattati. tattha sabbesaṃ sattānaṃ rūpaṃ nibbattamānaṃ paṭhamaṃ kammato nibbattati. paṭisandhikkhaṇeyeva hi gabbhaseyyakānaṃ tāva tisantativasena vatthu-kāya-bhāvadasakasaṅkhātāni tiṃsa rūpāni nibbattanti, tāni ca kho paṭisandhicittassa uppādakkhaṇeyeva. yathā ca uppādakkhaṇe, tathā ṭhitikkhaṇepi bhaṅgakkhaṇepi.
tattha rūpaṃ dandhanirodhaṃ garuparivatti, cittaṃ khippanirodhaṃ lahuparivatti. tenāha — “nāhaṃ, bhikkhave, aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi, yaṃ evaṃ lahuparivattaṃ yathayidaṃ, bhikkhave, cittan”ti (a. ni. 1.48). rūpe dharanteyeva hi soḷasavāre bhavaṅgacittaṃ uppajjitvā nirujjhati. cittassa uppādakkhaṇopi ṭhitikkhaṇopi bhaṅgakkhaṇopi ekasadisā. rūpassa pana uppādabhaṅgakkhaṇāyeva lahukā, tehi sadisā. ṭhitikkhaṇo pana mahā, yāva soḷasa cittāni uppajjitvā nirujjhanti, tāva vattati. paṭisandhicittassa uppādakkhaṇe uppannaṃ ṭhānappattaṃ purejātaṃ vatthuṃ nissāya dutiyaṃ bhavaṅgaṃ uppajjati. tena saddhiṃ uppannaṃ ṭhānappattaṃ purejātaṃ vatthuṃ nissāya tatiyaṃ bhavaṅgaṃ uppajjati. iminā nayena yāvatāyukaṃ cittappavatti veditabbā. āsannamaraṇassa pana ekameva ṭhānappattaṃ purejātaṃ vatthuṃ nissāya soḷasa cittāni uppajjanti.
paṭisandhicittassa uppādakkhaṇe uppannaṃ rūpaṃ paṭisandhicittato uddhaṃ soḷasamena cittena saddhiṃ nirujjhati. ṭhānakkhaṇe uppannaṃ sattarasamassa uppādakkhaṇena saddhiṃ nirujjhati. bhaṅgakkhaṇe uppannaṃ sattarasamassa ṭhānakkhaṇaṃ patvā nirujjhati. yāva pavatti nāma atthi, evameva pavattati. opapātikānampi sattasantativasena sattati rūpāni evameva pavattanti.
701. tattha kammaṃ, kammasamuṭṭhānaṃ, kammapaccayaṃ, kammapaccayacittasamuṭṭhānaṃ, kammapaccayāahārasamuṭṭhānaṃ, kammapaccayautusamuṭṭhānanti esa vibhāgo veditabbo. tattha kammaṃ nāma kusalākusalacetanā. kammasamuṭṭhānaṃ nāma vipākakkhandhā ca, cakkhudasakādi samasattatirūpañca. kammapaccayaṃ nāma tadeva, kammaṃ hi kammasamuṭṭhānassa upatthambhakapaccayopi hoti. kammapaccayacittasamuṭṭhānaṃ nāma vipākacittasamuṭṭhānaṃ rūpaṃ. kammapaccayāahārasamuṭṭhānaṃ nāma kammasamuṭṭhānarūpesu ṭhānappattā ojā aññaṃ ojaṭṭhamakaṃ samuṭṭhāpeti, tatrāpi ojā ṭhānaṃ patvā aññanti evaṃ catasso vā pañca vā pavattiyo ghaṭeti. kammapaccayautusamuṭṭhānaṃ nāma kammajatejodhātu ṭhānappattā utusamuṭṭhānaṃ ojaṭṭhamakaṃ samuṭṭhāpeti, tatrāpi utu aññaṃ ojaṭṭhamakanti evaṃ catasso vā pañca vā pavattiyo ghaṭeti. evaṃ tāva kammajarūpassa nibbatti passitabbā.
702. cittajesupi cittaṃ, cittasamuṭṭhānaṃ, cittapaccayaṃ, cittapaccayāahārasamuṭṭhānaṃ, cittapaccayautusamuṭṭhānanti esa vibhāgo veditabbo. tattha cittaṃ nāma ekūnanavuticittāni.
tesu dvattiṃsa cittāni, chabbīsekūnavīsati.
soḷasa rūpiriyāpathaviññattijanakā matā.
kāmāvacarato hi aṭṭha kusalāni, dvādasākusalāni, manodhātuvajjā dasa kiriyā, kusalakiriyato dve abhiññācittānīti dvattiṃsa cittāni rūpaṃ, iriyāpathaṃ, viññattiñca janenti. vipākavajjāni sesadasarūpāvacarāni, aṭṭha arūpāvacarāni, aṭṭha lokuttaracittānīti chabbīsati cittāni rūpaṃ, iriyāpathañca janayanti, na viññattiṃ. kāmāvacare dasa bhavaṅgacittāni, rūpāvacare pañca, tisso manodhātuyo, ekā vipākāhetukamanoviññāṇadhātusomanassasahagatāti ekūnavīsati cittāni rūpameva janayanti, na iriyāpathaṃ, na viññattiṃ. dvepañcaviññāṇāni, sabbasattānaṃ paṭisandhicittaṃ, khīṇāsavānaṃ cuticittaṃ, cattāri āruppavipākānīti soḷasa cittāni neva rūpaṃ janayanti, na iriyāpathaṃ, na viññattiṃ. yāni cettha rūpaṃ janenti, tāni na ṭhitikkhaṇe, bhaṅgakkhaṇe vā, tadā hi cittaṃ dubbalaṃ hoti. uppādakkhaṇe pana balavaṃ, tasmā taṃ tadā purejātaṃ vatthuṃ nissāya rūpaṃ samuṭṭhāpeti.
cittasamuṭṭhānaṃ nāma tayo arūpino khandhā, “saddanavakaṃ, kāyaviññatti, vacīviññatti, ākāsadhātu, lahutā, mudutā, kammaññatā, upacayo, santatī”ti sattarasavidhaṃ rūpañca. cittapaccayaṃ nāma “pacchājātā cittacetasikā dhammā purejātassa imassa kāyassā”ti (paṭṭhā. 1.1.11) evaṃ vuttaṃ catusamuṭṭhānarūpaṃ. cittapaccayāahārasamuṭṭhānaṃ nāma cittasamuṭṭhānarūpesu ṭhānappattā ojā aññaṃ ojaṭṭhamakaṃ samuṭṭhāpeti, evaṃ dve tisso pavattiyo ghaṭeti. cittapaccayautusamuṭṭhānaṃ nāma cittasamuṭṭhāno utu ṭhānappatto aññaṃ ojaṭṭhamakaṃ samuṭṭhāpeti, evaṃ dve tisso pavattiyo ghaṭeti. evaṃ cittajarūpassa nibbatti passitabbā.
703. āhārajesupi āhāro, āhārasamuṭṭhānaṃ, āhārapaccayaṃ, āhārapaccayāahārasamuṭṭhānaṃ, āhārapaccayautusamuṭṭhānanti esa vibhāgo veditabbo. tattha āhāro nāma kabaḷīkāro āhāro. āhārasamuṭṭhānaṃ nāma upādiṇṇaṃ kammajarūpaṃ paccayaṃ labhitvā tattha patiṭṭhāya ṭhānappattāya ojāya samuṭṭhāpitaṃ ojaṭṭhamakaṃ, ākāsadhātu, lahutā, mudutā, kammaññatā, upacayo, santatīti cuddasavidhaṃ rūpaṃ. āhārapaccayaṃ nāma “kabaḷīkāro āhāro imassa kāyassa āhārapaccayena paccayo”ti (paṭṭhā. 1.1.15) evaṃ vuttaṃ catusamuṭṭhānarūpaṃ. āhārapaccayāahārasamuṭṭhānaṃ nāma āhārasamuṭṭhānesu rūpesu ṭhānappattā ojā aññaṃ ojaṭṭhamakaṃ samuṭṭhāpeti, tatrāpi ojā aññanti evaṃ dasadvādasavāre pavattiṃ ghaṭeti. ekadivasaṃ paribhuttāhāro sattāhampi upatthambheti. dibbā pana ojā ekamāsaṃ dvemāsampi upatthambheti. mātarā paribhuttāhāropi dārakassa sarīraṃ pharitvā rūpaṃ samuṭṭhāpeti. sarīre makkhitāhāropi rūpaṃ samuṭṭhāpeti. kammajāhāro upādiṇṇakāhāro nāma. sopi ṭhānappatto rūpaṃ samuṭṭhāpeti, tatrāpi ojā aññaṃ samuṭṭhāpetīti evaṃ catasso vā pañca vā pavattiyo ghaṭeti. āhārapaccayautusamuṭṭhānaṃ nāma āhārasamuṭṭhānā tejodhātu ṭhānappattā utusamuṭṭhānaṃ ojaṭṭhamakaṃ samuṭṭhāpeti. tatrāyaṃ āhāro āhārasamuṭṭhānānaṃ janako hutvā paccayo hoti, sesānaṃ nissayāhārātthiavigatavasenāti evaṃ āhārajarūpassa nibbatti passitabbā.
704. utujesupi utu, utusamuṭṭhānaṃ, utupaccayaṃ, utupaccayautusamuṭṭhānaṃ, utupaccayāahārasamuṭṭhānanti esa vibhāgo veditabbo. tattha utu nāma catusamuṭṭhānā tejodhātu, uṇhautu sītautūti evaṃ panesa duvidho hoti. utusamuṭṭhānaṃ nāma catusamuṭṭhāno utu upādiṇṇakaṃ paccayaṃ labhitvā ṭhānappatto sarīre rūpaṃ samuṭṭhāpeti. taṃ saddanavakaṃ, ākāsadhātu, lahutā, mudutā, kammaññatā, upacayo, santatīti pannarasavidhaṃ hoti. utupaccayaṃ nāma utu catusamuṭṭhānikarūpānaṃ pavattiyā ca vināsassa ca paccayo hoti. utupaccayautusamuṭṭhānaṃ nāma utusamuṭṭhānā tejodhātu ṭhānappattā aññaṃ ojaṭṭhamakaṃ samuṭṭhāpeti, tatrāpi utu aññanti evaṃ dīghampi addhānaṃ anupādiṇṇapakkhe ṭhatvāpi utusamuṭṭhānaṃ pavattatiyeva. utupaccayāahārasamuṭṭhānaṃ nāma utusamuṭṭhānā ṭhānappattā ojā aññaṃ ojaṭṭhamakaṃ samuṭṭhāpeti, tatrāpi ojā aññanti evaṃ dasadvādasavāre pavattiṃ ghaṭeti. tatrāyaṃ utu utusamuṭṭhānānaṃ janako hutvā paccayo hoti, sesānaṃ nissayātthiavigatavasenāti evaṃ utujarūpassa nibbatti passitabbā. evañhi rūpassa nibbattiṃ passanto kālena rūpaṃ sammasati nāma.
705. yathā ca rūpaṃ sammasantena rūpassa, evaṃ arūpaṃ sammasantenapi arūpassa nibbatti passitabbā. sā ca kho ekāsīti lokiyacittuppādavaseneva.
seyyathidaṃ — idañhi arūpaṃ nāma purimabhave āyūhitakammavasena paṭisandhiyaṃ tāva ekūnavīsaticittuppādappabhedaṃ nibbattati. nibbattanākāro panassa paṭiccasamuppādaniddese vuttanayeneva veditabbo. tadeva paṭisandhicittassa anantaracittato paṭṭhāya bhavaṅgavasena, āyupariyosāne cutivasena. yaṃ tattha kāmāvacaraṃ, taṃ chasu dvāresu balavārammaṇe tadārammaṇavasena.
pavatte pana asambhinnattā cakkhussa āpāthagatattā rūpānaṃ ālokasannissitaṃ manasikārahetukaṃ cakkhuviññāṇaṃ nibbattati saddhiṃ sampayuttadhammehi. cakkhupasādassa hi ṭhitikkhaṇe ṭhitippattameva rūpaṃ cakkhuṃ ghaṭṭeti. tasmiṃ ghaṭṭite dvikkhattuṃ bhavaṅgaṃ uppajjitvā nirujjhati. tato tasmiṃyeva ārammaṇe kiriyamanodhātu āvajjanakiccaṃ sādhayamānā uppajjati. tadanantaraṃ tadeva rūpaṃ passamānaṃ kusalavipākaṃ akusalavipākaṃ vā cakkhuviññāṇaṃ. tato tadeva rūpaṃ sampaṭicchamānā vipākamanodhātu. tato tadeva rūpaṃ santīrayamānā vipākāhetukamanoviññāṇadhātu. tato tadeva rūpaṃ vavatthāpayamānā kiriyāhetukamanoviññāṇadhātu upekkhāsahagatā . tato paraṃ kāmāvacarakusalākusalakiriyacittesu ekaṃ vā upekkhāsahagatāhetukaṃ cittaṃ pañca satta vā javanāni. tato kāmāvacarasattānaṃ ekādasasu tadārammaṇacittesu javanānurūpaṃ yaṃkiñci tadārammaṇanti. esa nayo sesadvāresupi. manodvāre pana mahaggatacittānipi uppajjantīti. evaṃ chasu dvāresu arūpassa nibbatti passitabbā. evañhi arūpassa nibbattiṃ passanto kālena arūpaṃ sammasati nāma.
evaṃ kālena rūpaṃ kālena arūpaṃ sammasitvāpi tilakkhaṇaṃ āropetvā anukkamena paṭipajjamāno eko paññābhāvanaṃ sampādeti.
706. aparo rūpasattakārūpasattakavasena tilakkhaṇaṃ āropetvā saṅkhāre sammasati. tattha ādānanikkhepanato, vayovuḍḍhatthaṅgamato, āhāramayato, utumayato, kammajato, cittasamuṭṭhānato, dhammatārūpatoti imehi ākārehi āropetvā sammasanto rūpasattakavasena āropetvā sammasati nāma. tenāhu porāṇā —
“ādānanikkhepanato, vayovuḍḍhatthagāmito.
āhārato ca ututo, kammato cāpi cittato.
dhammatārūpato satta, vitthārena vipassatī”ti.
tattha ādānanti paṭisandhi. nikkhepananti cuti. iti yogāvacaro imehi ādānanikkhepehi ekaṃ vassasataṃ paricchinditvā saṅkhāresu tilakkhaṇaṃ āropeti. kathaṃ? etthantare sabbe saṅkhārā aniccā. kasmā? uppādavayavattito, vipariṇāmato, tāvakālikato, niccapaṭikkhepato ca. yasmā pana uppannā saṅkhārā ṭhitiṃ pāpuṇanti, ṭhitiyaṃ jarāya kilamanti, jaraṃ patvā avassaṃ bhijjanti, tasmā abhiṇhasampaṭipīḷanato, dukkhamato dukkhavatthuto, sukhapaṭikkhepato ca dukkhā. yasmā ca “uppannā saṅkhārā ṭhitiṃ mā pāpuṇantu, ṭhānappattā mā jīrantu, jarappattā mā bhijjantū”ti imesu tīsu ṭhānesu kassaci vasavattibhāvo natthi, suññā tena vasavattanākārena, tasmā suññato, assāmikato, avasavattito, attapaṭikkhepato ca anattāti.
707. evaṃ ādānanikkhepanavasena vassasataparicchinne rūpe tilakkhaṇaṃ āropetvā tato paraṃ vayovuḍḍhatthaṅgamato āropeti. tattha vayovuḍḍhatthaṅgamo nāma vayavasena vuḍḍhassa vaḍḍhitassa rūpassa atthaṅgamo. tassa vasena tilakkhaṇaṃ āropetīti attho.
kathaṃ? so tameva vassasataṃ paṭhamavayena majjhimavayena pacchimavayenāti tīhi vayehi paricchindati. tattha ādito tettiṃsa vassāni paṭhamavayo nāma. tato catuttiṃsa majjhimavayo nāma. tato tettiṃsa pacchimavayo nāmāti. iti imehi tīhi vayehi paricchinditvā, “paṭhamavaye pavattaṃ rūpaṃ majjhimavayaṃ appatvā tattheva nirujjhati, tasmā taṃ aniccaṃ. yadaniccaṃ, taṃ dukkhaṃ. yaṃ dukkhaṃ, tadanattā. majjhimavaye pavattarūpampi pacchimavayaṃ appatvā tattheva nirujjhati, tasmā tampi aniccaṃ dukkhamanattā. pacchimavaye tettiṃsa vassāni pavattarūpampi maraṇato paraṃ gamanasamatthaṃ nāma natthi, tasmā tampi aniccaṃ dukkhamanattā”ti tilakkhaṇaṃ āropeti.
708. evaṃ paṭhamavayādivasena vayovuḍḍhatthaṅgamato tilakkhaṇaṃ āropetvā puna “mandadasakaṃ, khiḍḍādasakaṃ, vaṇṇadasakaṃ, baladasakaṃ, paññādasakaṃ, hānidasakaṃ, pabbhāradasakaṃ, vaṅkadasakaṃ, momūhadasakaṃ, sayanadasakan”ti imesaṃ dasannaṃ dasakānaṃ vasena vayovuḍḍhatthaṅgamato tilakkhaṇaṃ āropeti.
tattha dasakesu tāva vassasatajīvino puggalassa paṭhamāni dasa vassāni mandadasakaṃ nāma, tadā hi so mando hoti capalo kumārako. tato parāni dasa khiḍḍādasakaṃ nāma, tadā hi so khiḍḍāratibahulo hoti. tato parāni dasa vaṇṇadasakaṃ nāma, tadā hissa vaṇṇāyatanaṃ vepullaṃ pāpuṇāti. tato parāni dasa baladasakaṃ nāma, tadā hissa balañca thāmo ca vepullaṃ pāpuṇāti. tato parāni dasa paññādasakaṃ nāma, tadā hissa paññā suppatiṭṭhitā hoti, pakatiyā kira dubbalapaññassāpi tasmiṃ kāle appamattakā paññā uppajjatiyeva. tato parāni dasa hānidasakaṃ nāma, tadā hissa khiḍḍārativaṇṇabalapaññā parihāyanti. tato parāni dasa pabbhāradasakaṃ nāma, tadā hissa attabhāvo purato pabbhāro hoti. tato parāni dasa vaṅkadasakaṃ nāma, tadā hissa attabhāvo naṅgalakoṭi viya vaṅko hoti. tato parāni dasa momūhadasakaṃ nāma. tadā hi so momūho hoti, kataṃ kataṃ pamussati. tato parāni dasa sayanadasakaṃ nāma, vassasatiko hi sayanabahulova hoti.
tatrāyaṃ yogī etesaṃ dasakānaṃ vasena vayovuḍḍhatthaṅgamato tilakkhaṇaṃ āropetuṃ iti paṭisañcikkhati — “paṭhamadasake pavattarūpaṃ dutiyadasakaṃ appatvā tattheva nirujjhati, tasmā taṃ aniccaṃ dukkhamanattā. dutiyadasake ... pe ... navamadasake pavattarūpaṃ dasamadasakaṃ appatvā tattheva nirujjhati. dasamadasake pavattarūpaṃ punabbhavaṃ appatvā idheva nirujjhati, tasmā tampi aniccaṃ dukkhamanattā”ti tilakkhaṇaṃ āropeti.
709. evaṃ dasakavasena vayovuḍḍhatthaṅgamato tilakkhaṇaṃ āropetvā puna tadeva vassasataṃ pañcapañcavassavasena vīsatikoṭṭhāse katvā vayovuḍḍhatthaṅgamato tilakkhaṇaṃ āropeti. kathaṃ? so hi iti paṭisañcikkhati — “paṭhame vassapañcake pavattarūpaṃ dutiyaṃ vassapañcakaṃ appatvā tattheva nirujjhati, tasmā taṃ aniccaṃ dukkhamanattā. dutiye vassapañcake pavattarūpaṃ tatiyaṃ ... pe ... ekūnavīsatime vassapañcake pavattarūpaṃ vīsatimaṃ vassapañcakaṃ appatvā tattheva nirujjhati. vīsatime vassapañcake pavattarūpaṃ maraṇato paraṃ gamanasamatthaṃ nāma natthi, tasmā tampi aniccaṃ dukkhamanattā”ti.
evaṃ vīsatikoṭṭhāsavasena vayovuḍḍhatthaṅgamato tilakkhaṇaṃ āropetvā puna pañcavīsati koṭṭhāse katvā catunnaṃ catunnaṃ vassānaṃ vasena āropeti. tato tettiṃsa koṭṭhāse katvā tiṇṇaṃ tiṇṇaṃ vassānaṃ vasena, paññāsa koṭṭhāse katvā dvinnaṃ dvinnaṃ vassānaṃ vasena, sataṃ koṭṭhāse katvā ekekavassavasena. tato ekaṃ vassaṃ tayo koṭṭhāse katvā vassānahemantagimhesu tīsu utūsu ekekautuvasena tasmiṃ vayovuḍḍhatthaṅgamarūpe tilakkhaṇaṃ āropeti.
kathaṃ? “vassāne catumāsaṃ pavattarūpaṃ hemantaṃ appatvā tattheva niruddhaṃ. hemante pavattarūpaṃ gimhaṃ appatvā tattheva niruddhaṃ. gimhe pavattarūpaṃ puna vassānaṃ appatvā tattheva niruddhaṃ, tasmā taṃ aniccaṃ dukkhamanattā”ti. evaṃ āropetvā puna ekaṃ vassaṃ cha koṭṭhāse katvā — “vassāne dvemāsaṃ pavattarūpaṃ saradaṃ appatvā tattheva niruddhaṃ. sarade pavattarūpaṃ hemantaṃ. hemante pavattarūpaṃ sisiraṃ. sisire pavattarūpaṃ vasantaṃ. vasante pavattarūpaṃ gimhaṃ. gimhe pavattarūpaṃ puna vassānaṃ appatvā tattheva niruddhaṃ, tasmā aniccaṃ dukkhamanattā”ti evaṃ tasmiṃ vayovuḍḍhatthaṅgamarūpe tilakkhaṇaṃ āropeti.
evaṃ āropetvā tato kāḷajuṇhavasena — “kāḷe pavattarūpaṃ juṇhaṃ appatvā. juṇhe pavattarūpaṃ kāḷaṃ appatvā tattheva niruddhaṃ, tasmā aniccaṃ dukkhamanattā”ti tilakkhaṇaṃ āropeti. tato rattindivavasena — “rattiṃ pavattarūpaṃ divasaṃ appatvā tattheva niruddhaṃ. divasaṃ pavattarūpampi rattiṃ appatvā tattheva niruddhaṃ, tasmā aniccaṃ dukkhamanattā”ti tilakkhaṇaṃ āropeti. tato tadeva rattindivaṃ pubbaṇhādivasena cha koṭṭhāse katvā — “pubbaṇhe pavattarūpaṃ majjhanhaṃ appatvā. majjhanhe pavattarūpaṃ sāyanhaṃ. sāyanhe pavattarūpaṃ paṭhamayāmaṃ. paṭhamayāme pavattarūpaṃ majjhimayāmaṃ. majjhimayāme pavattarūpaṃ pacchimayāmaṃ appatvā tattheva niruddhaṃ. pacchimayāme pavattarūpaṃ puna pubbaṇhaṃ appatvā tattheva niruddhaṃ, tasmā aniccaṃ dukkhamanattā”ti tilakkhaṇaṃ āropeti.
710. evaṃ āropetvā puna tasmiṃyeva rūpe abhikkamapaṭikkamāalokanavilokanasamiñjanapasāraṇavasena — “abhikkame pavattarūpaṃ paṭikkamaṃ appatvā tattheva nirujjhati. paṭikkame pavattarūpaṃ ālokanaṃ. ālokane pavattarūpaṃ vilokanaṃ. vilokane pavattarūpaṃ samiñjanaṃ. samiñjane pavattarūpaṃ pasāraṇaṃ appatvā tattheva nirujjhati. tasmā aniccaṃ dukkhamanattā”ti tilakkhaṇaṃ āropeti.
tato ekapadavāraṃ uddharaṇa atiharaṇavītiharaṇavossajjanasannikkhepanasannirumbhanavasena cha koṭṭhāse karoti.
tattha uddharaṇaṃ nāma pādassa bhūmito ukkhipanaṃ. atiharaṇaṃ nāma purato haraṇaṃ. vītiharaṇaṃ nāma khāṇukaṇṭakadīghajātiādīsu kiñcideva disvā ito cito ca pādasañcāraṇaṃ. vossajjanaṃ nāma pādassa heṭṭhā oropanaṃ. sannikkhepanaṃ nāma pathavītale ṭhapanaṃ. sannirumbhanaṃ nāma puna pāduddharaṇakāle pādassa pathaviyā saddhiṃ abhinippīḷanaṃ. tattha uddharaṇe pathavīdhātu āpodhātūti dve dhātuyo omattā honti mandā, itarā dve adhimattā honti balavatiyo. tathā atiharaṇavītiharaṇesu. vossajjane tejodhātu vāyodhātūti dve dhātuyo omattā honti mandā, itarā dve adhimattā honti balavatiyo. tathā sannikkhepanasannirumbhanesu. evaṃ cha koṭṭhāse katvā tesaṃ vasena tasmiṃ vayovuḍḍhatthaṅgamarūpe tilakkhaṇaṃ āropeti.
kathaṃ? so iti paṭisañcikkhati — “yā uddharaṇe pavattā dhātuyo, yāni ca tadupādāyarūpāni, sabbe te dhammā atiharaṇaṃ appatvā ettheva nirujjhanti, tasmā aniccā dukkhā anattā. tathā atiharaṇe pavattā vītiharaṇaṃ. vītiharaṇe pavattā vossajjanaṃ. vossajjane pavattā sannikkhepanaṃ. sannikkhepane pavattā sannirumbhanaṃ appatvā ettheva nirujjhanti. iti tattha tattha uppannā itaraṃ itaraṃ koṭṭhāsaṃ appatvā tattha tattheva pabbaṃ pabbaṃ sandhi sandhi odhi odhi hutvā tattakapāle pakkhittatilā viya taṭataṭāyantā saṅkhārā bhijjanti. tasmā aniccā dukkhā anattā”ti. tassevaṃ pabbapabbagate saṅkhāre vipassato rūpasammasanaṃ sukhumaṃ hoti.
711. sukhumatte ca panassa idaṃ opammaṃ. eko kira dārutiṇukkādīsu kataparicayo adiṭṭhapubbapadīpo paccantavāsiko nagaramāgamma antarāpaṇe jalamānaṃ padīpaṃ disvā ekaṃ purisaṃ pucchi ambho “kiṃ nāmetaṃ evaṃ manāpan”ti? tamenaṃ so āha “kimettha manāpaṃ, padīpo nāmesa telakkhayena vaṭṭikkhayena ca gatamaggopissa na paññāyissatī”ti. tamañño evamāha “idaṃ oḷārikaṃ, imissā hi vaṭṭiyā anupubbena ḍayhamānāya tatiyabhāge tatiyabhāge jālā itarītaraṃ padesaṃ appatvāva nirujjhissatī”ti. tamañño evamāha “idampi oḷārikaṃ, imissā hi aṅgulaṅgulantare aḍḍhaṅgulaḍḍhaṅgulantare tantumhi tantumhi aṃsumhi aṃsumhi jālā itarītaraṃ aṃsuṃ appatvāva nirujjhissati. aṃsuṃ pana muñcitvā na sakkā jālaṃ paññāpetun”ti.
tattha “telakkhayena vaṭṭikkhayena ca padīpassa gatamaggopi na paññāyissatī”ti purisassa ñāṇaṃ viya yogino ādānanikkhepanato vassasatena paricchinnarūpe tilakkhaṇāropanaṃ. “vaṭṭiyā tatiyabhāge tatiyabhāge jālā itarītaraṃ padesaṃ appatvāva nirujjhissatī”ti purisassa ñāṇaṃ viya yogino vassasatassa tatiyakoṭṭhāsaparicchinne vayovuḍḍhatthaṅgamarūpe tilakkhaṇāropanaṃ. “aṅgulaṅgulantare jālā itarītaraṃ appatvāva nirujjhissatī”ti purisassa ñāṇaṃ viya yogino dasavassa pañcavassa catuvassa tivassa dvivassa ekavassa paricchinne rūpe tilakkhaṇāropanaṃ. “aḍḍhaṅgulaḍḍhaṅgulantare jālā itarītaraṃ appatvāva nirujjhissatī”ti purisassa ñāṇaṃ viya yogino ekekautuvasena ekaṃ vassaṃ tidhā, chadhā ca vibhajitvā catumāsa-dvimāsaparicchinne rūpe tilakkhaṇāropanaṃ. “tantumhi tantumhi jālā itarītaraṃ appatvāva nirujjhissatī”ti purisassa ñāṇaṃ viya yogino kāḷajuṇhavasena, rattindivavasena, ekarattindivaṃ cha koṭṭhāse katvā pubbaṇhādivasena ca paricchinne rūpe tilakkhaṇāropanaṃ. “aṃsumhi aṃsumhi jālā itarītaraṃ appatvāva nirujjhissatī”ti purisassa ñāṇaṃ viya yogino abhikkamādivasena ceva uddharaṇādīsu ca ekekakoṭṭhāsavasena paricchinne rūpe tilakkhaṇāropananti.
712. so evaṃ nānākārehi vayovuḍḍhatthaṅgamarūpe tilakkhaṇaṃ āropetvā puna tadeva rūpaṃ visaṅkharitvā āhāramayādivasena cattāro koṭṭhāse katvā ekekakoṭṭhāse tilakkhaṇaṃ āropeti. tatrāssa āhāramayaṃ rūpaṃ chātasuhitavasena pākaṭaṃ hoti. chātakāle samuṭṭhitaṃ rūpaṃ hi jhattaṃ hoti kilantaṃ, jhāmakhāṇuko viya, aṅgārapacchiyaṃ nilīnakāko viya ca dubbaṇṇaṃ dussaṇṭhitaṃ. suhitakāle samuṭṭhitaṃ dhātaṃ pīṇitaṃ mudu siniddhaṃ phassavantaṃ hoti. so taṃ pariggahetvā “chātakāle pavattarūpaṃ suhitakālaṃ appatvā ettheva nirujjhati. suhitakāle samuṭṭhitampi chātakālaṃ appatvā ettheva nirujjhati, tasmā taṃ aniccaṃ dukkhamanattā”ti evaṃ tattha tilakkhaṇaṃ āropeti.
713. utumayaṃ sītuṇhavasena pākaṭaṃ hoti. uṇhakāle samuṭṭhitaṃ rūpaṃ hi jhattaṃ hoti kilantaṃ dubbaṇṇaṃ. sītautunā samuṭṭhitaṃ rūpaṃ dhātaṃ pīṇitaṃ siniddhaṃ hoti. so taṃ pariggahetvā “uṇhakāle pavattarūpaṃ sītakālaṃ appatvā ettheva nirujjhati. sītakāle pavattarūpaṃ uṇhakālaṃ appatvā ettheva nirujjhati, tasmā taṃ aniccaṃ dukkhamanattā”ti evaṃ tattha tilakkhaṇaṃ āropeti.
714. kammajaṃ āyatanadvāravasena pākaṭaṃ hoti. cakkhudvārasmiṃ hi cakkhukāyabhāvadasakavasena tiṃsa kammajarūpāni, upatthambhakāni pana tesaṃ utucittāhārasamuṭṭhānāni catuvīsatīti catupaṇṇāsa honti. tathā sotaghānajivhādvāresu. kāyadvāre kāyabhāvadasakavasena ceva utusamuṭṭhānādivasena ca catucattālīsa. manodvāre hadayavatthukāyabhāvadasakavasena ceva utusamuṭṭhānādivasena ca catupaṇṇāsameva.
so sabbampi taṃ rūpaṃ pariggahetvā “cakkhudvāre pavattarūpaṃ sotadvāraṃ appatvā ettheva nirujjhati. sotadvāre pavattarūpaṃ ghānadvāraṃ. ghānadvāre pavattarūpaṃ jivhādvāraṃ. jivhādvāre pavattarūpaṃ kāyadvāraṃ. kāyadvāre pavattarūpaṃ manodvāraṃ appatvā ettheva nirujjhati, tasmā taṃ aniccaṃ dukkhamanattā”ti evaṃ tattha tilakkhaṇaṃ āropeti.
715. cittasamuṭṭhānaṃ somanassitadomanassitavasena pākaṭaṃ hoti, somanassitakāle uppannaṃ hi rūpaṃ siniddhaṃ mudu pīṇitaṃ phassavantaṃ hoti. domanassitakāle uppannaṃ jhattaṃ kilantaṃ dubbaṇṇaṃ hoti. so taṃ pariggahetvā “somanassitakāle pavattarūpaṃ domanassitakālaṃ appatvā ettheva nirujjhati. domanassitakāle pavattarūpaṃ somanassitakālaṃ appatvā ettheva nirujjhati, tasmā taṃ aniccaṃ dukkhamanattā”ti evaṃ tattha tilakkhaṇaṃ āropeti.
tassevaṃ cittasamuṭṭhānarūpaṃ pariggahetvā tattha tilakkhaṇaṃ āropayato ayamattho pākaṭo hoti —
jīvitaṃ attabhāvo ca, sukhadukkhā ca kevalā.
ekacittasamāyuttā, lahuso vattate khaṇo.
cullāsīti sahassāni, kappaṃ tiṭṭhanti ye marū.
na tveva tepi tiṭṭhanti, dvīhi cittehi samohitā.
ye niruddhā marantassa, tiṭṭhamānassa vā idha.
sabbeva sadisā khandhā, gatā appaṭisandhikā.
anantarā ca ye bhaggā, ye ca bhaggā anāgate.
tadantarā niruddhānaṃ, vesamaṃ natthi lakkhaṇe.
anibbattena na jāto, paccuppannena jīvati.
cittabhaṅgā mato loko, paññatti paramatthiyā.
anidhānagatā bhaggā, puñjo natthi anāgate.
nibbattā yepi tiṭṭhanti, āragge sāsapūpamā.
nibbattānañca dhammānaṃ, bhaṅgo nesaṃ purakkhato.
palokadhammā tiṭṭhanti, purāṇehi amissitā.
adassanato āyanti, bhaggā gacchantudassanaṃ.
vijjuppādova ākāse, uppajjanti vayanti cāti. (mahāni. 10).
716. evaṃ āhāramayādīsu tilakkhaṇaṃ āropetvā puna dhammatārūpe tilakkhaṇaṃ āropeti. dhammatārūpaṃ nāma bahiddhā anindriyabaddhaṃ ayalohatipusīsasuvaṇṇarajatamuttāmaṇiveḷuriyasaṅkhasilāpavāḷalohitaṅgamasāragallabhūmipāsāṇapabbatatiṇarukkhalatādibhedaṃ vivaṭṭakappato paṭṭhāya uppajjanakarūpaṃ. tadassa asokaṅkurādivasena pākaṭaṃ hoti.
asokaṅkuraṃ hi āditova tanurattaṃ hoti, tato dvīhatīhaccayena ghanarattaṃ, puna dvīhatīhaccayena mandarattaṃ, tato taruṇapallavavaṇṇaṃ, tato pariṇatapallavavaṇṇaṃ, tato haritapaṇṇavaṇṇaṃ. tato nīlapaṇṇavaṇṇaṃ. tato nīlapaṇṇavaṇṇakālato paṭṭhāya sabhāgarūpasantatimanuppabandhāpayamānaṃ saṃvaccharamattena paṇḍupalāsaṃ hutvā vaṇṭato chijjitvā patati.
so taṃ pariggahetvā “tanurattakāle pavattarūpaṃ ghanarattakālaṃ appatvā nirujjhati. ghanarattakāle pavattarūpaṃ mandarattakālaṃ. mandarattakāle pavattarūpaṃ taruṇapallavavaṇṇakālaṃ. taruṇapallavavaṇṇakāle pavattaṃ pariṇatapallavavaṇṇakālaṃ. pariṇatapallavavaṇṇakāle pavattaṃ haritapaṇṇavaṇṇakālaṃ . haritapaṇṇakāle pavattaṃ nīlapaṇṇavaṇṇakālaṃ. nīlapaṇṇavaṇṇakāle pavattaṃ paṇḍupalāsakālaṃ. paṇḍupalāsakāle pavattaṃ vaṇṭato chijjitvā patanakālaṃ appatvāva nirujjhati, tasmā taṃ aniccaṃ dukkhamanattā”ti tilakkhaṇaṃ āropeti, evaṃ tattha tilakkhaṇaṃ āropetvā iminā nayena sabbampi dhammatārūpaṃ sammasati.
evaṃ tāva rūpasattakavasena tilakkhaṇaṃ āropetvā saṅkhāre sammasati.
717. yaṃ pana vuttaṃ “arūpasattakavasenā”ti, tattha ayaṃ mātikā — kalāpato, yamakato, khaṇikato, paṭipāṭito, diṭṭhiugghāṭanato, mānasamugghāṭanato, nikantipariyādānatoti.
tattha kalāpatoti phassapañcamakā dhammā. kathaṃ kalāpato sammasatīti? idha bhikkhu iti paṭisañcikkhati — “ye ime ‘kesā aniccā dukkhā anattā’ti sammasane uppannā phassapañcamakā dhammā, ye ca ‘lomā ... pe ... matthaluṅgaṃ aniccaṃ dukkhamanattā’ti sammasane uppannā phassapañcamakā dhammā, sabbe te itarītaraṃ appatvā pabbaṃpabbaṃ odhiodhi hutvā tattakapāle pakkhittatilā viya taṭataṭāyantā vinaṭṭhā, tasmā aniccā dukkhā anattā”ti. ayaṃ tāva visuddhikathāyaṃ nayo.
ariyavaṃsakathāyaṃ pana “heṭṭhā rūpasattake sattasu ṭhānesu ‘rūpaṃ aniccaṃ dukkhamanattā’ti pavattaṃ cittaṃ aparena cittena ‘aniccaṃ dukkhamanattā’ti sammasanto ‘kalāpato sammasatī’ti” vuttaṃ, taṃ yuttataraṃ. tasmā sesānipi teneva nayena vibhajissāma.
718. yamakatoti idha bhikkhu ādānanikkheparūpaṃ “aniccaṃ dukkhamanattā”ti sammasitvā tampi cittaṃ aparena cittena “aniccaṃ dukkhamanattā”ti sammasati. vayovuḍḍhatthaṅgamarūpaṃ, āhāramayaṃ, utumayaṃ, kammajaṃ, cittasamuṭṭhānaṃ, dhammatārūpaṃ “aniccaṃ dukkhamanattā”ti sammasitvā tampi cittaṃ aparena cittena “aniccaṃ dukkhamanattā”ti sammasati. evaṃ yamakato sammasati nāma.
719. khaṇikatoti idha bhikkhu ādānanikkheparūpaṃ “aniccaṃ dukkhamanattā”ti sammasitvā taṃ paṭhamacittaṃ dutiyacittena, dutiyaṃ tatiyena, tatiyaṃ catutthena, catutthaṃ pañcamena “etampi aniccaṃ dukkhamanattā”ti sammasati. vayovuḍḍhatthaṅgamarūpaṃ, āhāramayaṃ, utumayaṃ, kammajaṃ, cittasamuṭṭhānaṃ, dhammatārūpaṃ “aniccaṃ dukkhamanattā”ti sammasitvā taṃ paṭhamacittaṃ dutiyacittena, dutiyaṃ tatiyena, tatiyaṃ catutthena, catutthaṃ pañcamena “etampi aniccaṃ dukkhamanattā”ti sammasati. evaṃ rūpapariggāhakacittato paṭṭhāya cattāri cattāri cittāni sammasanto khaṇikato sammasati nāma.
720. paṭipāṭitoti ādānanikkheparūpaṃ “aniccaṃ dukkhamanattā”ti sammasitvā taṃ paṭhamacittaṃ dutiyacittena, dutiyaṃ tatiyena, tatiyaṃ catutthena ... pe ... dasamaṃ ekādasamena “etampi aniccaṃ dukkhamanattā”ti sammasati. vayovuḍḍhatthaṅgamarūpaṃ, āhāramayaṃ, utumayaṃ, kammajaṃ, cittasamuṭṭhānaṃ, dhammatārūpaṃ “aniccaṃ dukkhamanattā”ti sammasitvā taṃ paṭhamacittaṃ dutiyacittena, dutiyaṃ tatiyena, tatiyaṃ catutthena ... pe ... dasamaṃ ekādasamena “etampi aniccaṃ dukkhamanattā”ti evaṃ vipassanā paṭipāṭiyā sakalampi divasabhāgaṃ sammasituṃ vaṭṭeyya. yāva dasamacittasammasanā pana rūpakammaṭṭhānampi arūpakammaṭṭhānampi paguṇaṃ hoti. tasmā dasameyeva ṭhapetabbanti vuttaṃ. evaṃ sammasanto paṭipāṭito sammasati nāma.
721. diṭṭhiugghāṭanato mānaugghāṭanato nikantipariyādānatoti imesu tīsu visuṃ sammasananayo nāma natthi. yaṃ panetaṃ heṭṭhā rūpaṃ, idha ca arūpaṃ pariggahitaṃ, taṃ passanto rūpārūpato uddhaṃ aññaṃ sattaṃ nāma na passati. sattassa adassanato paṭṭhāya sattasaññā ugghāṭitā hoti. sattasaññaṃ ugghāṭitacittena saṅkhāre pariggaṇhato diṭṭhi nuppajjati. diṭṭhiyā anuppajjamānāya diṭṭhi ugghāṭitā nāma hoti. diṭṭhiugghāṭitacittena saṅkhāre pariggaṇhato māno nuppajjati. māne anuppajjante māno samugghāṭito nāma hoti. mānasamugghāṭitacittena saṅkhāre pariggaṇhato taṇhā nuppajjati. taṇhāya anuppajjantiyā nikanti pariyādiṇṇā nāma hotīti idaṃ tāva visuddhikathāyaṃ vuttaṃ.
ariyavaṃsakathāyaṃ pana “diṭṭhiugghāṭanato mānasamugghāṭanato nikantipariyādānato”ti mātikaṃ ṭhapetvā ayaṃ nayo dassito.
“ahaṃ vipassāmi, mama vipassanā”ti gaṇhato hi diṭṭhisamugghāṭanaṃ nāma na hoti. “saṅkhārāva saṅkhāre vipassanti sammasanti vavatthapenti pariggaṇhanti paricchindantī”ti gaṇhato pana diṭṭhiugghāṭanaṃ nāma hoti.
“suṭṭhu vipassāmi, manāpaṃ vipassāmī”ti gaṇhato mānasamugghāṭo nāma na hoti. “saṅkhārāva saṅkhāre vipassanti sammasanti vavatthapenti pariggaṇhanti paricchindantī”ti gaṇhato pana mānasamugghāṭo nāma hoti.
“vipassituṃ sakkomī”ti vipassanaṃ assādentassa nikantipariyādānaṃ nāma na hoti. “saṅkhārāva saṅkhāre vipassanti sammasanti vavatthapenti pariggaṇhanti paricchindantī”ti gaṇhato pana nikantipariyādānaṃ nāma hoti.
sace saṅkhārā attā bhaveyyuṃ, attāti gahetuṃ vaṭṭeyyuṃ, anattā ca pana attāti gahitā, tasmā te avasavattanaṭṭhena anattā, hutvā abhāvaṭṭhena aniccā, uppādavayapaṭipīḷanaṭṭhena dukkhāti passato diṭṭhiugghāṭanaṃ nāma hoti.
sace saṅkhārā niccā bhaveyyuṃ, niccāti gahetuṃ vaṭṭeyyuṃ, aniccā ca pana niccāti gahitā, tasmā te hutvā abhāvaṭṭhena aniccā, uppādavayapaṭipīḷanaṭṭhena dukkhā, avasavattanaṭṭhena anattāti passato mānasamugghāṭo nāma hoti.
sace saṅkhārā sukhā bhaveyyuṃ, sukhāti gahetuṃ vaṭṭeyyuṃ, dukkhā ca pana sukhāti gahitā, tasmā te uppādavayapaṭipīḷanaṭṭhena dukkhā, hutvā abhāvaṭṭhena aniccā, avasavattanaṭṭhena anattāti passato nikantipariyādānaṃ nāma hoti.
evaṃ saṅkhāre anattato passantassa diṭṭhisamugghāṭanaṃ nāma hoti. aniccato passantassa mānasamugghāṭanaṃ nāma hoti. dukkhato passantassa nikantipariyādānaṃ nāma hoti. iti ayaṃ vipassanā attano attano ṭhāneyeva tiṭṭhatīti.
evaṃ arūpasattakavasenāpi tilakkhaṇaṃ āropetvā saṅkhāre sammasati. ettāvatā panassa rūpakammaṭṭhānampi arūpakammaṭṭhānampi paguṇaṃ hoti.
722. so evaṃ paguṇarūpārūpakammaṭṭhāno yā upari bhaṅgānupassanato paṭṭhāya pahānapariññāvasena sabbākārato pattabbā aṭṭhārasa mahāvipassanā, tāsaṃ idheva tāva ekadesaṃ paṭivijjhanto tappaṭipakkhe dhamme pajahati.
aṭṭhārasa mahāvipassanā nāma aniccānupassanādikā paññā. yāsu aniccānupassanaṃ bhāvento niccasaññaṃ pajahati, dukkhānupassanaṃ bhāvento sukhasaññaṃ pajahati, anattānupassanaṃ bhāvento attasaññaṃ pajahati, nibbidānupassanaṃ bhāvento nandiṃ pajahati, virāgānupassanaṃ bhāvento rāgaṃ pajahati, nirodhānupassanaṃ bhāvento samudayaṃ pajahati, paṭinissaggānupassanaṃ bhāvento ādānaṃ pajahati, khayānupassanaṃ bhāvento ghanasaññaṃ pajahati, vayānupassanaṃ bhāvento āyūhanaṃ pajahati, vipariṇāmānupassanaṃ bhāvento dhuvasaññaṃ pajahati, animittānupassanaṃ bhāvento nimittaṃ pajahati, appaṇihitānupassanaṃ bhāvento paṇidhiṃ pajahati, suññatānupassanaṃ bhāvento abhinivesaṃ pajahati, adhipaññādhammavipassanaṃ bhāvento sārādānābhinivesaṃ pajahati, yathābhūtañāṇadassanaṃ bhāvento sammohābhinivesaṃ pajahati, ādīnavānupassanaṃ bhāvento ālayābhinivesaṃ pajahati, paṭisaṅkhānupassanaṃ bhāvento appaṭisaṅkhaṃ pajahati, vivaṭṭānupassanaṃ bhāvento saṃyogābhinivesaṃ pajahati.
tāsu yasmā iminā aniccādilakkhaṇattayavasena saṅkhārā diṭṭhā, tasmā anicca-dukkha-anattānupassanā paṭividdhā honti. yasmā ca “yā ca aniccānupassanā yā ca animittānupassanā, ime dhammā ekatthā, byañjanameva nānaṃ”. tathā “yā ca dukkhānupassanā yā ca appaṇihitānupassanā, ime dhammā ekatthā, byañjanameva nānaṃ”. “yā ca anattānupassanā yā ca suññatānupassanā, ime dhammā ekatthā, byañjanameva nānan”ti (paṭi. ma. 1.227) vuttaṃ. tasmā tāpi paṭividdhā honti.
adhipaññādhammavipassanā pana sabbāpi vipassanā. yathābhūtañāṇadassanaṃ kaṅkhāvitaraṇavisuddhiyā eva saṅgahitaṃ. iti idampi dvayaṃ paṭividdhameva hoti. sesesu vipassanāñāṇesu kiñci paṭividdhaṃ, kiñci appaṭividdhaṃ, tesaṃ vibhāgaṃ parato āvikarissāma.
yadeva hi paṭividdhaṃ, taṃ sandhāya idaṃ vuttaṃ “evaṃ paguṇarūpārūpakammaṭṭhāno yā upari bhaṅgānupassanato paṭṭhāya pahānapariññāvasena sabbākārato pattabbā aṭṭhārasa mahāvipassanā. tāsaṃ idheva tāva ekadesaṃ paṭivijjhanto tappaṭipakkhe dhamme pajahatī”ti.
723. so evaṃ aniccānupassanādipaṭipakkhānaṃ niccasaññādīnaṃ pahānena visuddhañāṇo sammasanañāṇassa pāraṃ gantvā, yaṃ taṃ sammasanañāṇānantaraṃ “paccuppannānaṃ dhammānaṃ vipariṇāmānupassane paññā udayabbayānupassane ñāṇan”ti (paṭi. ma. mātikā 1.6) udayabbayānupassanaṃ vuttaṃ, tassa adhigamāya yogaṃ ārabhati. ārabhamāno ca saṅkhepato tāva ārabhati. tatrāyaṃ pāḷi —
“kathaṃ paccuppannānaṃ dhammānaṃ vipariṇāmānupassane paññā udayabbayānupassane ñāṇaṃ? jātaṃ rūpaṃ paccuppannaṃ, tassa nibbattilakkhaṇaṃ udayo, vipariṇāmalakkhaṇaṃ vayo, anupassanā ñāṇaṃ. jātā vedanā... saññā... saṅkhārā... viññāṇaṃ... jātaṃ cakkhu ... pe ... jāto bhavo paccuppanno, tassa nibbattilakkhaṇaṃ udayo, vipariṇāmalakkhaṇaṃ vayo, anupassanā ñāṇan”ti (paṭi. ma. 1.49).
so iminā pāḷinayena jātassa nāmarūpassa nibbattilakkhaṇaṃ jātiṃ uppādaṃ abhinavākāraṃ “udayo”ti, vipariṇāmalakkhaṇaṃ khayaṃ bhaṅgaṃ “vayo”ti samanupassati. so evaṃ pajānāti “imassa nāmarūpassa uppattito pubbe anuppannassa rāsi vā nicayo vā natthi, uppajjamānassāpi rāsito vā nicayato vā āgamanaṃ nāma natthi, nirujjhamānassāpi disāvidisāgamanaṃ nāma natthi, niruddhassāpi ekasmiṃ ṭhāne rāsito nicayato nidhānato avaṭṭhānaṃ nāma natthi. yathā pana vīṇāya vādiyamānāya uppannasaddassa neva uppattito pubbe sannicayo atthi, na uppajjamāno sannicayato āgato, na nirujjhamānassa disāvidisāgamanaṃ atthi, na niruddho katthaci sannicito tiṭṭhati, atha kho vīṇañca upavīṇañca purisassa ca tajjaṃ vāyāmaṃ paṭicca ahutvā sambhoti, hutvā paṭiveti. evaṃ sabbepi rūpārūpino dhammā ahutvā sambhonti, hutvā paṭiventī”ti.
724. evaṃ saṅkhepato udayabbayamanasikāraṃ katvā puna yāni etasseva udayabbayañāṇassa vibhaṅge —
“avijjāsamudayā rūpasamudayoti paccayasamudayaṭṭhena rūpakkhandhassa udayaṃ passati. taṇhāsamudayā... kammasamudayā... āhārasamudayā rūpasamudayoti paccayasamudayaṭṭhena rūpakkhandhassa udayaṃ passati. nibbattilakkhaṇaṃ passantopi rūpakkhandhassa udayaṃ passati. rūpakkhandhassa udayaṃ passanto imāni pañca lakkhaṇāni passati.
“avijjānirodhā rūpanirodhoti paccayanirodhaṭṭhena rūpakkhandhassa vayaṃ passati. taṇhānirodhā... kammanirodhā... āhāranirodhā rūpanirodhoti paccayanirodhaṭṭhena rūpakkhandhassa vayaṃ passati. vipariṇāmalakkhaṇaṃ passantopi rūpakkhandhassa vayaṃ passati. rūpakkhandhassa vayaṃ passantopi imāni pañca lakkhaṇāni passati” (paṭi. ma. 1.50).
tathā “avijjāsamudayā vedanāsamudayoti paccayasamudayaṭṭhena vedanākkhandhassa udayaṃ passati. taṇhāsamudayā... kammasamudayā... phassasamudayā vedanāsamudayoti paccayasamudayaṭṭhena vedanākkhandhassa udayaṃ passati. nibbattilakkhaṇaṃ passantopi vedanākkhandhassa udayaṃ passati. vedanākkhandhassa udayaṃ passanto imāni pañca lakkhaṇāni passati. avijjānirodhā... taṇhānirodhā... kammanirodhā... phassanirodhā vedanānirodhoti paccayanirodhaṭṭhena vedanākkhandhassa vayaṃ passati. vipariṇāmalakkhaṇaṃ passantopi vedanākkhandhassa vayaṃ passati. vedanākkhandhassa vayaṃ passanto imāni pañca lakkhaṇāni passati” (paṭi. ma. 1.50).
vedanākkhandhassa viya ca saññāsaṅkhāraviññāṇakkhandhānaṃ. ayaṃ pana viseso, viññāṇakkhandhassa phassaṭṭhāne “nāmarūpasamudayā, nāmarūpanirodhā”ti --
evaṃ ekekassa khandhassa udayabbayadassane dasa dasa katvā paññāsa lakkhaṇāni vuttāni. tesaṃ vasena evampi rūpassa udayo evampi rūpassa vayo, evampi rūpaṃ udeti, evampi rūpaṃ vetīti paccayato ceva khaṇato ca vitthārena manasikāraṃ karoti.
725. tassevaṃ manasikaroto “iti kirime dhammā ahutvā sambhonti, hutvā paṭiventī”ti ñāṇaṃ visadataraṃ hoti. tassevaṃ paccayato ceva khaṇato ca dvedhā udayabbayaṃ passato saccapaṭiccasamuppādanayalakkhaṇabhedā pākaṭā honti.
726. yañhi so avijjādisamudayā khandhānaṃ samudayaṃ, avijjādinirodhā ca khandhānaṃ nirodhaṃ passati, idamassa paccayato udayabbayadassanaṃ. yaṃ pana nibbattilakkhaṇavipariṇāmalakkhaṇāni passanto khandhānaṃ udayabbayaṃ passati, idamassa khaṇato udayabbayadassanaṃ, uppattikkhaṇeyeva hi nibbattilakkhaṇaṃ. bhaṅgakkhaṇe ca vipariṇāmalakkhaṇaṃ.
727. iccassevaṃ paccayato ceva khaṇato ca dvedhā udayabbayaṃ passato paccayato udayadassanena samudayasaccaṃ pākaṭaṃ hoti janakāvabodhato. khaṇato udayadassanena dukkhasaccaṃ pākaṭaṃ hoti jātidukkhāvabodhato. paccayato vayadassanena nirodhasaccaṃ pākaṭaṃ hoti paccayānuppādena paccayavataṃ anuppādāvabodhato. khaṇato vayadassanena dukkhasaccameva pākaṭaṃ hoti maraṇadukkhāvabodhato. yañcassa udayabbayadassanaṃ, maggovāyaṃ lokikoti maggasaccaṃ pākaṭaṃ hoti tatra sammohavighātato.
728. paccayato cassa udayadassanena anulomo paṭiccasamuppādo pākaṭo hoti, “imasmiṃ sati idaṃ hotī”ti (ma. ni. 1.404; saṃ. ni. 2.21; udā. 1) avabodhato. paccayato vayadassanena paṭilomo paṭiccasamuppādo pākaṭo hoti, “imassa nirodhā idaṃ nirujjhatī”ti (ma. ni. 1.406; saṃ. ni. 2.21; udā. 2) avabodhato . khaṇato pana udayabbayadassanena paṭiccasamuppannā dhammā pākaṭā honti saṅkhatalakkhaṇāvabodhato. udayabbayavanto hi saṅkhatā, te ca paṭiccasamuppannāti.
729. paccayato cassa udayadassanena ekattanayo pākaṭo hoti hetuphalasambandhena santānassa anupacchedāvabodhato. atha suṭṭhutaraṃ ucchedadiṭṭhiṃ pajahati. khaṇato udayadassanena nānattanayo pākaṭo hoti navanavānaṃ uppādāvabodhato. atha suṭṭhutaraṃ sassatadiṭṭhiṃ pajahati. paccayato cassa udayabbayadassanena abyāpāranayo pākaṭo hoti dhammānaṃ avasavattibhāvāvabodhato. atha suṭṭhutaraṃ attadiṭṭhiṃ pajahati. paccayato pana udayadassanena evaṃdhammatānayo pākaṭo hoti paccayānurūpena phalassa uppādāvabodhato. atha suṭṭhutaraṃ akiriyadiṭṭhiṃ pajahati.
730. paccayato cassa udayadassanena anattalakkhaṇaṃ pākaṭaṃ hoti dhammānaṃ nirīhakattapaccayapaṭibaddhavuttitāvabodhato. khaṇato udayabbayadassanena aniccalakkhaṇaṃ pākaṭaṃ hoti hutvā abhāvāvabodhato, pubbantāparantavivekāvabodhato ca. dukkhalakkhaṇampi pākaṭaṃ hoti udayabbayehi paṭipīḷanāvabodhato. sabhāvalakkhaṇampi pākaṭaṃ hoti udayabbayaparicchinnāvabodhato. sabhāvalakkhaṇe saṅkhatalakkhaṇassa tāvakālikattampi pākaṭaṃ hoti udayakkhaṇe vayassa, vayakkhaṇe ca udayassa abhāvāvabodhatoti.
731. tassevaṃ pākaṭībhūtasaccapaṭiccasamuppādanayalakkhaṇabhedassa “evaṃ kira nāmime dhammā anuppannapubbā uppajjanti, uppannā nirujjhantī”ti niccanavāva hutvā saṅkhārā upaṭṭhahanti. na kevalañca niccanavā, sūriyuggamane ussāvabindu viya udakabubbuḷo viya udake daṇḍarāji viya āragge sāsapo viya vijjuppādo viya ca parittaṭṭhāyino. māyāmarīcisupinantālātacakkagandhabbanagarapheṇakadaliādayo viya assārā nissārāti cāpi upaṭṭhahanti.
ettāvatānena “vayadhammameva uppajjati, uppannañca vayaṃ upetī”ti iminā ākārena samapaññāsa lakkhaṇāni paṭivijjhitvā ṭhitaṃ udayabbayānupassanaṃ nāma taruṇavipassanāñāṇaṃ adhigataṃ hoti, yassādhigamā āraddhavipassakoti saṅkhaṃ gacchati.
732. athassa imāya taruṇavipassanāya āraddhavipassakassa dasa vipassanupakkilesā uppajjanti. vipassanupakkilesā hi paṭivedhappattassa ariyasāvakassa ceva vippaṭipannakassa ca nikkhittakammaṭṭhānassa kusītapuggalassa nuppajjanti. sammāpaṭipannakassa pana yuttapayuttassa āraddhavipassakassa kulaputtassa uppajjantiyeva.
katame pana te dasa upakkilesāti? obhāso, ñāṇaṃ, pīti, passaddhi, sukhaṃ, adhimokkho, paggaho, upaṭṭhānaṃ, upekkhā, nikantīti. vuttañhetaṃ --
“kathaṃ dhammuddhaccaviggahitamānasaṃ hoti? aniccato manasikaroto obhāso uppajjati, ‘obhāso dhammo’ti obhāsaṃ āvajjati, tato vikkhepo uddhaccaṃ. tena uddhaccena viggahitamānaso aniccato upaṭṭhānaṃ yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. dukkhato... anattato upaṭṭhānaṃ yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti”.
tathā “aniccato manasikaroto ñāṇaṃ uppajjati ... pe ... pīti... passaddhi... sukhaṃ... adhimokkho... paggaho... upaṭṭhānaṃ... upekkhā... nikanti uppajjati, ‘nikanti dhammo’ti nikantiṃ āvajjati, tato vikkhepo uddhaccaṃ. tena uddhaccena viggahitamānaso aniccato upaṭṭhānaṃ yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. dukkhato... anattato upaṭṭhānaṃ yathābhūtaṃ nappajānātī”ti (paṭi. ma. 2.6).
733. tattha obhāsoti vipassanobhāso. tasmiṃ uppanne yogāvacaro “na vata me ito pubbe evarūpo obhāso uppannapubbo, addhā maggappattosmi phalapattosmī”ti amaggameva “maggo”ti, aphalameva ca “phalan”ti gaṇhāti. tassa amaggaṃ “maggo”ti aphalaṃ “phalan”ti gaṇhato vipassanāvīthi ukkantā nāma hoti. so attano mūlakammaṭṭhānaṃ vissajjetvā obhāsameva assādento nisīdati.
so kho panāyaṃ obhāso kassaci bhikkhuno pallaṅkaṭṭhānamattameva obhāsento uppajjati. kassaci antogabbhaṃ. kassaci bahigabbhampi. kassaci sakalavihāraṃ, gāvutaṃ, aḍḍhayojanaṃ, yojanaṃ, dviyojanaṃ, tiyojanaṃ ... pe ... kassaci pathavītalato yāva akaniṭṭhabrahmalokā ekālokaṃ kurumāno. bhagavato pana dasasahassilokadhātuṃ obhāsento udapādi.
evaṃ vemattatāya cassa idaṃ vatthu — cittalapabbate kira dvikuṭṭagehassa anto dve therā nisīdiṃsu. taṃdivasañca kāḷapakkhuposatho hoti, meghapaṭalacchannā disā, rattibhāge caturaṅgasamannāgataṃ tamaṃ pavattati. atheko thero āha — “bhante, mayhaṃ idāni cetiyaṅgaṇamhi sīhāsane pañcavaṇṇāni kusumāni paññāyantī”ti. taṃ itaro āha — “anacchariyaṃ, āvuso, kathesi, mayhaṃ panetarahi mahāsamuddamhi yojanaṭṭhāne macchakacchapā paññāyantī”ti.
ayaṃ pana vipassanupakkileso yebhuyyena samathavipassanālābhino uppajjati. so samāpattivikkhambhitānaṃ kilesānaṃ asamudācārato “arahā ahan”ti cittaṃ uppādeti uccavālikavāsī mahānāgatthero viya haṃkanakavāsī mahādattatthero viya cittalapabbate niṅkapeṇṇakapadhānagharavāsī cūḷasumanatthero viya ca.
tatridaṃ ekavatthuparidīpanaṃ — talaṅgaravāsī dhammadinnatthero kira nāma eko pabhinnapaṭisambhido mahākhīṇāsavo mahato bhikkhusaṅghassa ovādadāyako ahosi. so ekadivasaṃ attano divāṭṭhāne nisīditvā “kinnu kho amhākaṃ ācariyassa uccavālikavāsīmahānāgattherassa samaṇabhāvakiccaṃ matthakaṃ pattaṃ, no”ti āvajjanto puthujjanabhāvamevassa disvā “mayi agacchante puthujjanakālakiriyameva karissatī”ti ca ñatvā iddhiyā vehāsaṃ uppatitvā divāṭṭhāne nisinnassa therassa samīpe orohitvā vanditvā vattaṃ dassetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. “kiṃ, āvuso dhammadinna, akāle āgatosī”ti ca vutte “pañhaṃ, bhante, pucchituṃ āgatomhī”ti āha. tato “pucchāvuso, jānamānā kathayissāmā”ti vutte pañhasahassaṃ pucchi.
thero pucchitapucchitaṃ asajjamānova kathesi. tato “atitikkhaṃ vo, bhante, ñāṇaṃ, kadā tumhehi ayaṃ dhammo adhigato”ti vutte “ito saṭṭhivassakāle, āvuso”ti āha. samādhimpi, bhante, vaḷañjethāti, na yidaṃ, āvuso, bhāriyanti. tena hi, bhante, ekaṃ hatthiṃ māpethāti . thero sabbasetaṃ hatthiṃ māpesi. idāni, bhante, yathā ayaṃ hatthī añcitakaṇṇo pasāritanaṅguṭṭho soṇḍaṃ mukhe pakkhipitvā bheravaṃ koñcanādaṃ karonto tumhākaṃ abhimukho āgacchati, tathā naṃ karothāti. thero tathā katvā vegena āgacchato hatthissa bheravaṃ ākāraṃ disvā uṭṭhāya palāyituṃ āraddho. tamenaṃ khīṇāsavatthero hatthaṃ pasāretvā cīvarakaṇṇe gahetvā “bhante, khīṇāsavassa sārajjaṃ nāma hotī”ti āha.
so tamhi kāle attano puthujjanabhāvaṃ ñatvā “avassayo me, āvuso, dhammadinna hohī”ti vatvā pādamūle ukkuṭikaṃ nisīdi. “bhante, tumhākaṃ avassayo bhavissāmiccevāhaṃ āgato, mā cintayitthā”ti kammaṭṭhānaṃ kathesi. thero kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā caṅkamaṃ āruyha tatiye padavāre aggaphalaṃ arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. thero kira dosacarito ahosi. evarūpā bhikkhū obhāse kampanti.
734. ñāṇanti vipassanāñāṇaṃ. tassa kira rūpārūpadhamme tulayantassa tīrentassa vissaṭṭhaindavajiramiva avihatavegaṃ tikhiṇaṃ sūraṃ ativisadaṃ ñāṇaṃ uppajjati.
pītīti vipassanāpīti. tassa kira tasmiṃ samaye khuddakāpīti, khaṇikāpīti, okkantikāpīti, ubbegāpīti, pharaṇāpītīti ayaṃ pañcavidhā pīti sakalasarīraṃ pūrayamānā uppajjati.
passaddhīti vipassanāpassaddhi. tassa kira tasmiṃ samaye rattiṭṭhāne vā divāṭṭhāne vā nisinnassa kāyacittānaṃ neva daratho, na gāravaṃ, na kakkhaḷatā, na akammaññatā, na gelaññaṃ, na vaṅkatā hoti, atha kho panassa kāyacittāni passaddhāni lahūni mudūni kammaññāni suvisadāni ujukāniyeva honti. so imehi passaddhādīhi anuggahitakāyacitto tasmiṃ samaye amānusiṃ nāma ratiṃ anubhavati. yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ —
“suññāgāraṃ paviṭṭhassa, santacittassa bhikkhuno.
amānusī rati hoti, sammā dhammaṃ vipassato.
“yato yato sammasati, khandhānaṃ udayabbayaṃ.
labhatī pītipāmojjaṃ, amataṃ taṃ vijānatan”ti. (dha. pa. 373-374).
evamassa imaṃ amānusiṃ ratiṃ sādhayamānā lahutādisampayuttā passaddhi uppajjati.
sukhanti vipassanāsukhaṃ. tassa kira tasmiṃ samaye sakalasarīraṃ abhisandayamānaṃ atipaṇītaṃ sukhaṃ uppajjati.
adhimokkhoti saddhā. vipassanāsampayuttāyeva hissa cittacetasikānaṃ atisayapasādabhūtā balavatī saddhā uppajjati.
paggahoti vīriyaṃ. vipassanāsampayuttameva hissa asithilaṃ anaccāraddhaṃ supaggahitaṃ vīriyaṃ uppajjati.
upaṭṭhānanti sati. vipassanāsampayuttāyeva hissa supaṭṭhitā supatiṭṭhitā nikhātā acalā pabbatarājasadisā sati uppajjati. so yaṃ yaṃ ṭhānaṃ āvajjati samannāharati manasikaroti paccavekkhati, taṃ taṃ ṭhānamassa okkhanditvā pakkhanditvā dibbacakkhuno paraloko viya satiyā upaṭṭhāti.
upekkhāti vipassanupekkhā ceva āvajjanupekkhā ca. tasmiṃ hissa samaye sabbasaṅkhāresu majjhattabhūtā vipassanupekkhāpi balavatī uppajjati. manodvāre āvajjanupekkhāpi. sā hissa taṃ taṃ ṭhānaṃ āvajjantassa vissaṭṭhaindavajiramiva pattapuṭe pakkhitta tattanārāco viya ca sūrā tikhiṇā hutvā vahati.
nikantīti vipassanānikanti. evaṃ obhāsādipaṭimaṇḍitāya hissa vipassanāya ālayaṃ kurumānā sukhumā santākārā nikanti uppajjati. yā nikanti kilesoti pariggahetumpi na sakkā hoti.
yathā ca obhāse, evaṃ etesupi aññatarasmiṃ uppanne yogāvacaro “na vata me ito pubbe evarūpaṃ ñāṇaṃ uppannapubbaṃ, evarūpā pīti, passaddhi, sukhaṃ, adhimokkho, paggaho, upaṭṭhānaṃ, upekkhā, nikanti uppannapubbā, addhā maggappattosmi phalappattosmī”ti amaggameva “maggo”ti aphalameva ca “phalan”ti gaṇhāti. tassa amaggaṃ “maggo”ti aphalaṃ “phalan”ti gaṇhato vipassanāvīthi ukkantā nāma hoti. so attano mūlakammaṭṭhānaṃ vissajjetvā nikantimeva assādento nisīdatīti.
735. ettha ca obhāsādayo upakkilesavatthutāya upakkilesāti vuttā, na akusalattā. nikanti pana upakkileso ceva upakkilesavatthu ca. vatthuvaseneva cete dasa. gāhavasena pana samatiṃsa honti. kathaṃ? “mama obhāso uppanno”ti gaṇhato hi diṭṭhigāho hoti, “manāpo vata obhāso uppanno”ti gaṇhato mānagāho, obhāsaṃ assādayato taṇhāgāho, iti obhāse diṭṭhimānataṇhāvasena tayo gāhā. tathā sesesupīti evaṃ gāhavasena samatiṃsa upakkilesā honti. tesaṃ vasena akusalo abyatto yogāvacaro obhāsādīsu kampati vikkhipati. obhāsādīsu ekekaṃ “etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā”ti (ma. ni. 1.241) samanupassati. tenāhu porāṇā —
“obhāse ceva ñāṇe ca, pītiyā ca vikampati.
passaddhiyā sukhe ceva, yehi cittaṃ pavedhati.
“adhimokkhe ca paggāhe, upaṭṭhāne ca kampati.
upekkhāvajjanāyañca, upekkhāya nikantiyā”ti. (paṭi. ma. 2.7).
736. kusalo pana paṇḍito byatto buddhisampanno yogāvacaro obhāsādīsu uppannesu “ayaṃ kho me obhāso uppanno, so kho panāyaṃ anicco saṅkhato paṭiccasamuppanno khayadhammo vayadhammo virāgadhammo nirodhadhammo”ti iti vā taṃ paññāya paricchindati upaparikkhati. atha vā panassa evaṃ hoti, “sace obhāso attā bhaveyya, ‘attā’ti gahetuṃ vaṭṭeyya. anattā ca panāyaṃ ‘attā’ti gahito. tasmā so avasavattanaṭṭhena anattā, hutvā abhāvaṭṭhena anicco, uppādavayapaṭipīḷanaṭṭhena dukkho”ti sabbaṃ arūpasattake vuttanayena vitthāretabbaṃ. yathā ca obhāse, evaṃ sesesupi.
so evaṃ upaparikkhitvā obhāsaṃ “netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā”ti (ma. ni. 1.241) samanupassati. ñāṇaṃ ... pe ... nikantiṃ “netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā”ti (ma. ni. 1.241) samanupassati. evaṃ samanupassanto obhāsādīsu na kampati na vedhati. tenāhu porāṇā —
“imāni dasa ṭhānāni, paññāyassa pariccitā.
dhammuddhaccakusalo hoti, na ca vikkhepaṃ gacchatī”ti. (paṭi. ma. 2.7).
so evaṃ vikkhepaṃ agacchanto taṃ samatiṃsavidhaṃ upakkilesajaṭaṃ vijaṭetvā obhāsādayo dhammā na maggo. upakkilesavimuttaṃ pana vīthipaṭipannaṃ vipassanāñāṇaṃ maggoti maggañca amaggañca vavatthapeti. tassevaṃ “ayaṃ maggo, ayaṃ na maggo”ti maggañca amaggañca ñatvā ṭhitaṃ ñāṇaṃ maggāmaggañāṇadassanavisuddhīti veditabbaṃ.
ettāvatā ca pana tena tiṇṇaṃ saccānaṃ vavatthānaṃ kataṃ hoti. kathaṃ? diṭṭhivisuddhiyaṃ tāva nāmarūpassa vavatthāpanena dukkhasaccassa vavatthānaṃ kataṃ. kaṅkhāvitaraṇavisuddhiyaṃ paccayapariggahaṇena samudayasaccassa vavatthānaṃ. imissaṃ maggāmaggañāṇadassanavisuddhiyaṃ sammāmaggassa avadhāraṇena maggasaccassa vavatthānaṃ katanti, evaṃ lokiyeneva tāva ñāṇena tiṇṇaṃ saccānaṃ vavatthānaṃ kataṃ hoti.
iti sādhujanapāmojjatthāya kate visuddhimagge
paññābhāvanādhikāre
maggāmaggañāṇadassanavisuddhiniddeso nāma
vīsatimo paricchedo.